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	<title>数字营销宝典 &#187; 专业术语</title>
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		<title>我们是这么看 social 的</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/</link>
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		<pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2015 04:19:02 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础知识]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[战略战术]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Digital]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Social]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[数字营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[社交媒体营销]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[站在一个综合市场营销人乃至高级管理层的相对宏观的角度，应该如何看待和理解 social？]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/social-495x278/" rel="attachment wp-att-2286"><img src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/social-495x278.jpg" alt="" title="social-495x278" width="495" height="278" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2286" /></a></p>
<p><em>作者：张亮 (Leon Zhang)，群邑集团竞立媒体中国区社交媒体总监</em></p>
<p>最近在外面演讲和培训的时候，经常被问到一个基本但重要的问题，就是到底 social 是什么？如果从日常的执行工作中跳出来看，比如站在一个综合市场营销人乃至高级管理层的相对宏观的角度，应该如何看待和理解 social？</p>
<p>这里就结合我和团队每天战斗在 social 第一线的心得体会，分享一下对这个问题的一些看法，或许对感兴趣的朋友们有所启发。</p>
<p><strong>一、Social 不只是一个传播渠道</strong></p>
<p>对于 social 的理解可以分为广义和狭义两种。狭义的 social 就是指具体的‘social network’即各种社交媒体网站和平台；而广义的 social， 不仅仅是一个传播渠道，而是从人类社会第一天开始就存在的一种基本的人类行为和需求——从原始人围在篝火前讨论最佳打猎地点，到晚宴餐桌旁的品牌讨论，都是在进行社交（social）。我们相信按照广义的方式来理解，更有助于品牌进行整合营销的思路拓展，因为从人类的需求和行为出发是营销传播的核心，也是在这个传播形式瞬息万变的时代以不变应万变的有效思路。</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2280" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image002/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2280" title="image002" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image002.jpg" alt="" width="576" height="150" /></a><br />
<a rel="attachment wp-att-2281" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image004/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2281" title="image004" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image004.jpg" alt="" width="576" height="150" /></a></p>
<p><strong>二、科技进步，改变的是人类 social 的形式，不变的是 social 的行为和需求</strong></p>
<p>拿演唱会来举例，二十年前，我们可能是类似下面这样，和身边的人进行social；<br />
<a rel="attachment wp-att-2276" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image005/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2276" title="image005" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image005.jpg" alt="" width="425" height="334" /></a></p>
<p>而现在，我们则是拿着手机平板等，拍照分享到社交网络，和自己遍布世界各地的好友进行 social。<br />
<a rel="attachment wp-att-2277" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image007/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2277" title="image007" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image007.jpg" alt="" width="426" height="334" /></a></p>
<p>随着科技的发展，改变的是人类具体的 social 形式，而不变的是 social 的需求与行为。</p>
<p><strong>三、Social 已经内化到几乎所有媒介形式中，无处不在</strong></p>
<p>我们常规理解的单向传播的“传统”媒体，也已经变得“社交化”。比如视频，以前只是单向的观看，而现在有了“弹幕”、“评论”这些 social 的形式，已经变得社交化；比如新闻网站，如网易，“无跟帖不新闻”，跟帖同样也是社交化的表现。按照“互动、实时”的角度来理解，social 几乎已经内化到所有的媒体形式中，无处不在，避无可避。对于品牌而言既是机会也是挑战。<br />
<a rel="attachment wp-att-2278" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image009/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2278" title="image009" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image009.png" alt="" width="491" height="284" /></a></p>
<p><strong>四、从“漏斗”到“循环”，social 改变了消费者决策路径</strong></p>
<p>若干年前，几乎每个营销人可能都用类似于漏斗状的消费者决策路径模型写过方案，类似于“EEIA (Exposure – Engagement – Influence &#8211; Action)”或者“Awareness – Consideration – Interest – Action – Loyalty”等 。现在这些阶段仍然存在于消费者决策路径中，但已经不再是线性的了，而变成了类似于下图的循环，一路上都有各种社交媒体平台在对消费者产生影响。<br />
<a rel="attachment wp-att-2279" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image011/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2279" title="image011" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image011.png" alt="" width="506" height="442" /></a></p>
<p>先看外圈，消费者从 Consider（考虑）阶段开始，到 Evaluate（评估） ，最终决定 Buy（购买），之后取决于是否 Enjoy（享受或认同）品牌和产品，如果认同的话，就变成了 Advocate（拥护），进而产生 Bond（品牌情感联接），之后进一步通过社交媒体影响外圈的 Consider（考虑）阶段的消费者，形成良性循环。而如果购买后的体验较差，在社交媒体上的差评就会导致恶性循环。</p>
<p>显然，在品牌与产品的品质一定的前提下，良性循环还是恶性循环，与品牌对社交媒体的运用恰当与否有着非常重要的关系。</p>
<p><strong>五、做 social 约等于做产品</strong></p>
<p>沿着上面的思路，品牌怎么样运用社交媒体呢？从宏观角度来看，我们一直认为以及实践的思路是：做 social 约等于做产品。比如，一个品牌微信账号，对于品牌而言不仅仅是一个营销传播的、发公关新闻的平台，而是品牌的一个产品，一个构架于微信大平台上的产品。做过产品开发的朋友都很熟悉，产品的重要核心之一是用户需求和用户体验。也就是说产品至少要满足用户的某一方面的需求才有存在的价值。</p>
<p>这个理念放在 social 上也非常适合，比如微信账号，相当于我们放到口袋里的东西，钱包、钥匙等有用的我们才会装在口袋里。同样的，如果某个品牌账号不能满足哪怕至少一个的需求，用户没有理由长期关注，而且每个人的微信里已经有一长串的公众号了，很难引起注意，更提不上互动了。</p>
<p>即使是做很简单的 social 项目，比如一个微信账号搭建，也应该沿用这个思路，首先确定我们“产品”的目标用户，明确他们的需求，然后从这些需求里找出适合品牌去借力发挥的点，进行功能和内容的开发，并且要有“产品迭代”，按照互联网产品开发的思路，经常获取用户反馈，动态调整“产品”功能，等等。</p>
<p>沿着这个基本但常被忽略的思路，按照做产品的方式精雕细琢来做 social，对于品牌而言非常重要。</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2282" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image014/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2282" title="image014" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image014.jpg" alt="" width="553" height="311" /></a></p>
<p><strong>六、Social by Design</strong></p>
<p>“Social by Design” 是一个被 Facebook 创始人 Mark Zuckerberg 经常提到的概念。Mark Zuckerberg 曾经说过：</p>
<p>We have found that products that are “SOCIAL BY DESIGN” tend to be more engaging than their traditional counterparts, and we look forward to seeing more of the world’s products move in this direction.<br />
（“我们发现 SOCIAL BY DESIGN 的产品相对于其它传统的产品而言更容易得到用户的互动，我们期待能够看到世界上更多的产品沿这个方向前进。”）</p>
<p><a rel="attachment wp-att-2283" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image016/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2283" title="image016" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image016.png" alt="" width="553" height="440" /></a></p>
<p>Mark Zuckerberg 这里提到的 social by design 大意是指按照人类 social的需求和行为天性出发进行产品的开发和设计。我们相信这一观点同样对营销适用，因为我们这些营销人每天也在开发“产品”，比如我们策划的一个活动，就可以理解为一个产品。</p>
<p>沿用前面做 social 约等于做产品的思路：社交媒体营销中的“社交”不仅仅等同于“社交网站”，而应该是一个存在于所有消费者传播中的基本的“天性”。那么，作为营销传播人员，我们需要创造顺应消费者的社交行为天性的传播，即“Social by Design”的传播策略，从一开始就把 social 作为消费者行为和需求考虑到传播活动和策略的机制中，而不是简单地当做一个传播渠道，在做媒体排期的时候简单地加入微博微信用来推广等。Social by Design 这一概念对我们全文提到的理念做了很好的总结和印证。</p>
<p>以上是一些抛砖引玉的想法，也欢迎感兴趣的朋友们随时联系交流。</p>
<p><strong>作者：</strong><br />
<a rel="attachment wp-att-2284" href="http://digimarketing.cn/%e6%88%91%e4%bb%ac%e6%98%af%e8%bf%99%e4%b9%88%e7%9c%8b-social-%e7%9a%84/image018/"><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-2284" title="image018" src="http://digimarketing.cn/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/image018.jpg" alt="" width="108" height="108" /></a><br />
张亮（Leon Zhang）<br />
群邑集团竞立媒体中国区社交媒体总监<br />
微博：<a href="http://weibo.com/leonzhangliang" target="_blank">@张亮Leon</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>什么是可用性(Usability)?</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%8f%af%e7%94%a8%e6%80%a7-usability/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%8f%af%e7%94%a8%e6%80%a7-usability/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Sep 2009 11:50:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[UPA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[usability]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[可用性]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础知识]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[用户体验]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2009/09/29/usability/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[可用性是一种产品开发的方法：在整个开发周期中引入直接的用户反馈，目的是降低成本和制造能够满足用户需要的产品和工具。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="/images/stories/articles-what-is-usability.jpg" border="0" alt="可用性 usability" title="可用性 usability" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="right" />可用性是一种产品开发的方法：在整个开发周期中引入直接的用户反馈，目的是降低成本和制造能够满足用户需要的产品和工具。不同的书籍和可用性专家对于可用性有着很多种定义。</p>
<p>有两个国际标准定义了可用性和以人为中心（或以用户为中心）的设计：</p>
<p>“[可用性指的是]产品能够在特定用途的情境下，被特定用户使用，以高效和令人满意的方式达到特定目标的程度。”<br />—— ISO 9241-11</p>
<p>“以人为中心的设计以这些为特征：用户的积极参与以及对用户和任务需求的清晰的理解；功能在用户和技术两者之间的合理分配；设计解决方案的重复；多学科设计。”<br />—— ISO 13407</p>
<p>在产品开发流程中加入可用性的商业利益包括：</p>
<ul>
<li>提高生产力</li>
<li>增加销量和收益</li>
<li>减少培训和支持的成本</li>
<li>减少开发时间和成本</li>
<li>减少维护成本</li>
<li>提高客户满意度</li>
</ul>
<p>很常见的情况是，组织并不去监测一个软件项目的生命周期总成本。最初的开发经费和日程安排是知道的，但是他们一般都没有监测支持成本有多高，可以归因于什么，多少员工的时间被浪费在了不好用的工具上，以及其它后期制作的因素。因此，有少量预付成本的和较短开发周期的项目会经常得到报偿，即使结果是失败的、无效的、或者是不能用的产品。有很多现实世界中的例子可以说明项目是如何从可用性上获益的；而如果不考虑可用性，项目则会受损。</p>
<p><strong><br />英文原文：</strong></p>
<p>What is Usability?</p>
<p>Usability is an approach to product development that incorporates direct user feedback throughout the development cycle in order to reduce costs and create products and tools that meet user needs. There are many definitions of usability from books by usability professionals.</p>
<p>Two international standards define usability and human-centered (or user-centered) design:</p>
<p>&#8220;[Usability refers to] the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use.&#8221; &#8211; ISO 9241-11</p>
<p>&#8220;Human-centered design is characterised by: the active involvement of users and a clear understanding of user and task requirements; an appropriate allocation of function between users and technology; the iteration of design solutions; multi-disciplinary design.&#8221; &#8211; ISO 13407</p>
<p>The business benefits of adding usability to a product development process include:</p>
<p>Increased productivity <br />Increased sales and revenues <br />Decreased training and support costs <br />Reduced development time and costs <br />Reduced maintenance costs <br />Increased customer satisfaction</p>
<p>Too often, organizations don&#8217;t track total lifecycle costs for a software project. The original development budget and schedule is known, but they don&#8217;t typically track how expensive support costs are, what they&#8217;re attributable to, how much employee time is wasted on unusable tools, and other post-production factors. Thus, projects that have small up-front costs and short development cycles are often rewarded even if they result in failed, ineffective, or unusable products. There are many real world examples showing how usability can benefit a project &#8211; or its lack hurt.</p>
<p><em>译者：Leon Zhang, 数字营销宝典 DigiMarketing.cn<br />原文：UPA (The Usability Professional&#8217;s Association), </em><a href="http://www.upassoc.org/usability_resources/about_usability/definitions_of_usability.html"><em>http://www.upassoc.org/usability_resources/about_usability/definitions_of_usability.html</em></a></p>
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		<title>什么是营销管理？</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Jun 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digital]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Management]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[数字]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/06/25/what-is-marketing-management/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[营销管理是一个商业分支，针对的是营销手段的实际应用和管理一家公司的营销资源和活动。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="/images/stories/articles-marketing-management.jpg" border="0" alt="什么是营销管理" title="什么是营销管理" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="right" />营销管理是一个商业分支，针对的是营销手段的实际应用和管理一家公司的营销资源和活动。</p>
<h2>定义和范畴</h2>
<p>这个术语没有通用的定义。一定程度上这是由于这样一个事实引起的：营销经理的职责会根据业务规模、企业文化和行业情况而有着明显不同。例如，在一个大型的消费者产品公司，营销经理可能扮演的是他所负责的产品或品牌的总经理角色，对利润或损失负全部责任。相比之下，一个小型的法律事务所可能根本没有营销人员，很大程度上它需要事务所的合作伙伴临时性制定营销管理决策。</p>
<p>在广泛使用的课本《营销管理》（2006）中，Philip Kotler 和 Kevin Lane Keller把营销管理定义为“选择目标市场和通过创造、传递和沟通出众的价值来获得、保持和增长消费者的艺术和科学。”</p>
<p>从这个角度来讲，营销管理的范畴相当广。这样一个定义的暗示是，公司用来获得客户和管理公司与客户的关系的任何活动或资源都属于营销管理的范畴。另外，Kotler和Keller的定义既包括新产品和服务的开发，也包括把它们传递给客户。</p>
<p>著名的营销专家Regis McKenna在他1991年发表在《哈佛商业评论》的一篇有影响力的文章《营销就是一切》中表达了类似的观点。McKenna谈到，因为营销管理包括影响一家公司为用户传递价值的能力的所有因素，它必须是“无所不在的，每一个人的工作职责的一部分，从接待员直到董事会”。</p>
<p>这个观点也与管理大师Peter Drucker的观点一致。Peter Drucker曾写道：“因为商业的目的是创造客户，商业组织有两个——而且只有两个——基本的职能：营销和创新。营销和创新带来收益；剩下的都消耗成本。营销是与众不同的、独一无二的商业职能。”</p>
<p>但是因为很多企业按照一个很局限的营销定义来运作，这样的表述就显得很有争议，对于一些商业管理人员而言甚至很滑稽。这在那些营销部门除了制作销售手册和执行广告活动以外就只负责很少的事情的企业中尤为明显。</p>
<p>正因为如此，来自 Drucker，Kotler和其他学者们的更广更复杂的营销管理定义，被与狭义的很多企业的操作级别的定义相提并论。这里混淆的来源经常是在既定的公司内，营销管理这一术语可能被解释为所有营销部门正好做的事情，而不是一个包括所有营销活动的术语 – 事实上这些营销活动甚至正在被其他部门所执行，如销售，财务，或运营部门。例如，如果某一既定公司的财务部门制定了价格决策（为交易、提案、合同等等），这一财务部门其实就是负责了营销管理中的一个重要组成部分 – 定价（Pricing）。</p>
<h2>活动和职责</h2>
<p>营销管理涵盖了非常广泛的职责和活动，尽管营销部门本身可能只负责其中的一部分。无论负责的是公司的哪个部门，营销管理的职责和活动包括以下内容：</p>
<p><a name="heading1"></a></p>
<h3>市场调研和分析</h3>
<p>为了制定基于事实的、关于营销战略的决策，以及设计有效的、低成本的执行部署，公司必须对自己的业务和所在市场有一个详细的、客观的认识。通过分析这些问题，营销管理分支机构的活动经常会与相关的分支机构“战略规划”有所重叠。</p>
<p>传统的市场分析由三部分组成：客户分析，公司分析，竞争对手分析（所谓的“3C”分析）。最近，在一些营销流程中很流行把这些进一步划分为特定的“5C”：客户分析，公司分析，合作伙伴分析，竞争对手分析，以及行业环境分析。</p>
<p>客户分析的重点在于制定计划来划分市场，把市场划分到不同的客户组，这叫做客户细分或市场细分。营销经理为每组制定详细的档案，重点在于各细分群组之间不同的变量数字：人口统计、心理、地理、行为特点、需求收益，以及其它方面。营销人员也会通过使用工具（如知觉图）来监测这些细分群组所占不同产品的知觉情况。</p>
<p>在公司分析中，营销人员重点是理解公司的成本结构和相对于竞争者的成本定位，以及确定公司的核心能力和其他竞争性的特殊公司资源。营销经理可能也需要和会计部门一起分析公司从不同产品线和客户上获得的利润。公司可能也会举行周期性的品牌审核来评定品牌的优势和资产净值。</p>
<p>同样也需要为公司的合作伙伴编制档案，这包括不同的供应商，分销商和其他渠道合作商，合资企业合作商，以及其它。补充性产品分析也是需要的（如果这种产品存在的话）。</p>
<p>营销管理采用不同的工具，从经济学到竞争性策略，来分析公司所处行业的环境。这包括波特市场竞争结构五力分析，竞争对手战略分组分析，价值链分析及其它。取决于行业，仔细检查调整的环境也很重要。</p>
<p>在竞争对手分析中，营销人员为市场中的每个竞争对手建立详细的档案，尤其集中在使用SWOT分析他们相对的竞争优势和劣势上。营销经理会检查每个竞争对手的成本结构，利润来源，资源和能力，竞争性定位和产品区别，纵向一体化程度，对行业发展的历史性回应，以及其它因素。</p>
<p>在营销管理中，在搜集执行精确市场分析所需数据的调研上进行投资是很有必要的。如此，他们经常执行市场调研（也叫营销调研）来获得这一信息。营销人员采用各种方法执行市场调研，一些常用的包括：</p>
<ul>
<li>定性市场调研，如 焦点组访谈 </li>
<li>定量市场调研，如统计调查 </li>
<li>试验技术，如测试市场 </li>
<li>观测技术，如现场观测 </li>
</ul>
<p>营销经理也需要设计和管理各种环境扫描调查和竞争情报流程来帮助确定趋势和告知公司的市场分析。</p>
<p><a name="heading2"></a></p>
<h3>营销战略</h3>
<p>一旦公司对客户基础和本身在行业中的竞争定位有了足够的了解，营销经理就能够制定关键的战略决策，并制定营销战略来使得公司的收入利润最大化。所选战略可能瞄准的是各种明确目标，包括优化短期单位利润，收入增长，市场份额，长期收益，或者其它目标。</p>
<p>为了达到预期目标，营销人员典型做法是确定一个或多个他们想要追踪的目标客户细分群体。客户细分群体的选择是根据两个方面得分高低来决定的：1) 细分群体很吸引人去服务，因为它的数量庞大并且正在成长，且经常性地作出购买行为，而且对价格并不敏感（如，原意高价购买）；2) 公司有资源和能力完成细分群体的业务，可以比竞争对手更好地满足他们的需求，并且能够有利润。事实上，一个普遍的营销定义就是“在获得利润的前提下满足需求”。</p>
<p>选择目标客户细分群体的含义就是，相对于其他非目标化的客户而言，公司随后会分配更多的资源来获得和保持目标群体中的客户。在一些例子中，公司可能会去转变不在目标客户细分群体中的客户的方向。例如，一家时尚的夜总会看门人，可能会拒绝进入非时尚穿着的个体重，因为公司制定了战略性决策来瞄准“高度时尚”的夜总会顾客群体。</p>
<p>与目标决策相关联，营销经理会确定公司、产品或品牌在目标客户心目中想要的定位。这一定位通常是一种公司的产品或服务所提供的主要益处的包装，其中，这些益处不同于且优于竞争产品所提供的益处。例如，Volvo 的传统做法是将其产品定位于北美汽车市场，以获得在“安全”领域的领先地位，而 BMW 则着力于将其品牌打造成为“性能”领域的领头羊。</p>
<p>理想情况下，公司的定位可以维持很长一段时间，因为公司处理或开发某种形式的可持续竞争性优势。定位也应该与目标客户群体有足够的关联性，以驱动目标消费者的购买行为。</p>
<p><a name="heading3"></a></p>
<h3>实施规划</h3>
<p>在确定了公司的战略目标，选择了目标市场和公司的定位，决定了产品或品牌之后，营销经理就该着眼于如何最好地实施所选择的策略了。一般来说，这包括了涵盖营销4P的所有实施规划：产品管理，定价，地点（如，销售和分销渠道），以及推广。（Product Management, Pricing, Place, Promotion）</p>
<p>综合起来，公司对4P的实施通常被称作营销组合，意思是公司会采用来“进入市场”和执行营销战略的元素的组合。营销组合的总体目标是，持续提供强制性的价值主张，来加强公司所选择的定位，建立客户忠诚度和在目标客户中的品牌价值，并达到公司的营销和财务目标。</p>
<p>很多情况下，营销管理会开发一个营销计划来详细说明公司如何去执行选择的战略，并达到商业目标。不同公司的营销计划的内容有所不同，但是普遍都包括：</p>
<ul>
<li>摘要 </li>
<li>现状分析，总结从市场调研和分析中获得的事实和见解 </li>
<li>公司的使命陈述或长期战略愿景 </li>
<li>公司主要目标的陈述，通常细分为营销目标和财务目标 </li>
<li>企业选择的营销战略，详细说明要追踪的目标客户群体和要达到的竞争定位 </li>
<li>营销组合（4P）中每个元素的实施方案 </li>
<li>对所需投资的总结（人员，项目，IT 系统，等等） </li>
<li>财务分析和预测结果 </li>
<li>时间表或高级项目计划 </li>
<li>度量参数，测量和控制流程 </li>
<li>主要风险列表，以及管理这些风险的策略 </li>
</ul>
<p><a name="heading4"></a></p>
<h3>项目管理，流程管理，供应商管理</h3>
<p>一旦关键的实施行动确定之后，营销经理就要管理营销计划的执行了。营销管理人员可能需要管理特定的项目，如销售人员管理，产品研发，渠道营销项目，以及公共关系和广告活动的执行。营销人员使用各种项目管理方法来确保项目能在保持在既定时间和预算内达到目标。</p>
<p>更广泛地，营销经理会设计和改善和新营销流程的有效程度，如新产品开发，品牌管理，营销传播，和价格制定。营销人员可能采用业务流程再设计工具来确保这些流程设计合理，并且使用各种流程管理方法来保持它们运作平稳。</p>
<p>有效的执行可能需要管理内部资源和各种外部供应商和服务提供商，如公司的广告代理商。因此，营销人员可能需要在这些服务的过程中与公司的采购部门合作。</p>
<p><a name="heading5"></a></p>
<h3>组织管理和领导</h3>
<p>营销管理通常需要领导一个进行各种营销活动的专业人员所组成的部门或团体。这经常会延伸到超过公司的营销部门本身，需要营销经理为各种营销活动提供跨职能的领导力。这可能需要与人力资源部门在诸如招聘，培训，领导力发展，绩效考核，赔偿，以及其它方面，进行广泛的合作。</p>
<p>营销管理可能会在为企业建立和维持营销导向上花费大量时间。达到营销导向（也被称作“以客户为中心”或“营销概念”），需要在管理高层中达成共识，然后再把“以客户为中心”这一理念推向整个组织。文化障碍可能会存在于特定企业单位或职能领域，而营销经理必须从事其中来达到目标。另外，营销管理人员经常扮演“品牌拥护者”的角色，并加强整个企业中的企业形象标准。</p>
<p>在更大的组织中，尤其是那些拥有多个业务单元，顶级营销经理可能需要协调不同的营销部门和资源，从财务，研发，工程，运营，生产，或者其他职能区域来实施营销计划。为了有效地管理这些资源，营销管理人员可能需要花费大量时间在政治问题和部门间的谈判上。</p>
<p>因此，营销经理的效能可能也依赖于他/她内部“销售”各种营销项目的能力，这与外部客户对这些项目的反应相当（从对绩效评估的影响而言）。</p>
<p><a name="heading6"></a></p>
<h3>报告、测量、反馈和控制系统</h3>
<p>营销管理采用各种度量参数来测量达到目标的进度。营销经理有责任在营销部门中或其它地方确保营销项目的执行以高性价比的方式达到预期目标。</p>
<p>因此，营销管理经常利用各种组织控制系统，如销售预测，销售人员和中间商鼓励项目，销售人员管理系统，以及客户关系管理工具（CRM）。近来，一些软件供应商开始使用一个术语“营销运营管理”或“营销资源管理”，来描述这些让控制营销资源的整合方法变得更容易的工具。在某些情况下，这些努力可能会被联系到各种供应链管理系统上，如企业资源计划（ERP），材料需求计划（MRP），高效客户回应（ECR），以及库存管理系统。</p>
<p>测量各种营销活动的投资回报率（ROI）和营销效果是营销管理中一个重要问题。各种营销调研、会计和财务工具都被用于帮助评估营销投资的 ROI。例如，品牌评估被用来确定由公司的品牌产生的市场价值的比重，从而评估在品牌价值上的特定投资的财务价值。另一个方法，整合营销传播（IMC），是一个基于CRM数据库的方法，它被用于评估营销组合执行的价值（根据这些执行产生的客户行为变化）。</p>
<p><strong>译者：Leon Zhang, </strong><strong>DigiMarketing.cn | 译自 WikiPedia</strong></p>
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		<title>什么是交互式广告？</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e4%ba%a4%e4%ba%92%e5%bc%8f%e5%b9%bf%e5%91%8a/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e4%ba%a4%e4%ba%92%e5%bc%8f%e5%b9%bf%e5%91%8a/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 May 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advertising]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Concept]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digital]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Interactive]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marketing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[交互]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[交互式广告]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[广告]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[概念]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[营销]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/05/20/what-is-interactive-advertising/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[交互式广告是一种利用交互式媒体在线上或线下来推广和/或影响消费者购买决策的广告形式。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="caption" src="/images/stories/articles-interactive-adv.jpg" border="0" alt="Subservient Chicken" title="Subservient Chicken" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="left" />交互式广告是一种利用交互式媒体在线上或线下来推广和/或影响消费者购买决策的广告形式。交互式广告利用的是诸如互联网、交互式电视、移动设备（WAP和SMS）以及亭式终端等媒体。</p>
<p>交互式广告让营销人员能够以一种直接而个性化的方式与消费者互动，使一种精密而空间的对话成为可能，这能够在一个电子商务的环境中显著地影响到一个潜在客户的购买决策。</p>
<p>或许最有效的交互式广告实施方式之一是所谓的病毒式营销。这种技术使用了图像、文本、链接、Flash动画、音视频剪辑等等，通过电子邮件，以连锁信的形式在用户间传递。一个著名的例子是<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subservient_Chicken"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Subservient Chicken</span></a>，一个Burger King的推广活动，来推广他们新出的鸡肉三明治系列，以及&#8221;Have It Your Way&#8221;活动。</p>
<p>交互式广告也会呈现其它的形式，如在线品牌目录。这些目录目前为常规广告扮演着一个补充性的角色，帮助浏览者回忆和比较主要在电视上看到的品牌。响应通常是通过表单和click-to-call技术来转交的。</p>
<p>在2008年早期，按播放次数计费的广告在网上出现了。这种类型的广告使用音频广告来获得网站访问者的注意。而现在，广告主们有了不止一种的方式来与他们的目标人群的感官进行交互。</p>
<p align="center"><strong>&#8212; 原文内容 &#8212;</strong></p>
<h2>Interactive advertising</h2>
<p>Interactive Advertising is the use of interactive media to promote and/or influence the buying decisions of the consumer in an online and offline environment. Interactive advertising can utilise media such as the Internet, interactive television, mobile devices (WAP and SMS), as well as kiosk-based terminals.</p>
<p>Interactive advertising affords the marketer the ability to engage the consumer in a direct and personal way, enabling a sophisticated and dimensional dialogue, which can affect a potential customer&#8217;s buying decisions particularly in an e-commerce environment.</p>
<p>Perhaps one of the most effective implementations of interactive advertising is so-called Viral marketing. This technique uses images, texts, web links, Flash animations, audio/video clips etc., passed from user to user chain letter-style, via email. A notable example of this is the Subservient Chicken, a campaign by Burger King to promote their new line of chicken sandwiches and the &#8220;Have It Your Way&#8221; campaign.</p>
<p>Interactive advertising is also assuming other avatars, such as online directories for brands. These directories presently perform a complementary role to conventional advertising, helping viewers recall and compare brands primarily seen on television. Response is mediated usually through forms and click-to-call technologies.</p>
<p>In early 2008, Pay per play advertising launched online. This type of advertising uses audio ads to get a website visitor&#8217;s attention. Now, advertisers have one more way to interact with the senses of their target demographic.</p>
<p>译者：Leon Zhang, DigiMarketing.cn | 作者：WikiPedia | 原文：<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_advertising">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_advertising</a></p>
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		<title>什么是显示广告？</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e6%98%be%e7%a4%ba%e5%b9%bf%e5%91%8a/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e6%98%be%e7%a4%ba%e5%b9%bf%e5%91%8a/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 18 May 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Advertising]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Concept]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digital]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Display]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marketing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[显示广告]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[概念]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[网络]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[网络营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[营销]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/05/18/what-is-display-advertising/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[显示广告是一种类型的广告，可能并经常包含超越文本的图像信息，如标识、照片或者其他图片、地图，以及类似的东西。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><img src="/images/stories/articles-display-adv.jpg" border="0" alt="什么是显示广告" title="什么是显示广告" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="left" />显示广告是一种类型的广告，可能并经常包含超越文本的图像信息，如标识、照片或者其他图片、地图，以及类似的东西。在期刊杂志中，显示广告可能在主要文字内容的同一页或者邻近页上出现；这与分类广告正相反：分类广告通常出现在明显的栏目中，并且一般都是限制在某一种字体的纯文本格式。（尽管后一个区别已不再明显）</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">显示广告使用标准或非标准格式的、静态或动态的图像，这被称作网络横幅广告和交互式媒体（包括音频和视频元素）。Adobe公司的Flash（以前属于Macromedia公司，Macromedia已被Adobe收购）是用于互联网上交互式广告的首选格式。<br />（译者按：现在微软公司推出了Silverlight，也是制作交互式广告的可选格式）</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">显示广告不需要有太丰富的图像、音频或视频。在文本更加适当和有效的地方, 也会使用文本广告。一个文本广告的例子是，发送给手机用户的商业短信。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>实例</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">公告牌是一个最常见的显示广告实例 </span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">商业签名是另一种新的数字形式的公告牌<br />（译者按：Signamercial，商业签名，由Signature和Commercial两词组合而成。通常商业电子邮件中，发送方都会在自己的邮件底部加入签名。Signamercial就通常都在这些签名附近，起到商业广告的作用） </span></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>&#8212; 原文内容 &#8212;</strong></span></p>
<h2><span style="font-family: Arial;">Display advertising</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">Display advertising is a type of advertising that may, and most frequently does, contain graphic information beyond text such as logos, photographs or other pictures, location maps, and similar items. In periodicals it can appear on the same page with, or a page adjacent to, general editorial content; as opposed to classified advertising, which generally appears in a distinct section and was traditionally text-only in a limited selection of typefaces (although the latter distinction is no longer sharp).</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">Display advertising uses static and animated images in standard or non-standard sizes called web banners as well as interactive media that might include audio and video elements. Flash by Adobe (originally Macromedia, which was bought by Adobe) is the preferred format for interactive ads on the internet.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">isplay ads do not have to be rich in images, audio or video. Text ads are also used where text is more appropriate or more effective. An example of text ads are commercial SMS messages to mobile devices users.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>In the real world</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">Billboards are one example of a very common display ad.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">Signamercials are another example of a new digital way of Billboarding</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />译者：Leon Zhang, DigiMarketing.cn | 作者：WikiPedia | 原文：<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_advertising">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Display_advertising</a><br /></span></p>
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		<title>什么是博客营销？</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e5%8d%9a%e5%ae%a2%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 16 May 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Blog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Concept]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marketing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[博客]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[博客营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[概念]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[网络]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[网络营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[营销]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/05/16/what-is-blog-marketing/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[博客营销是用于描述通过网络博客进行的网络营销的术语。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="/images/stories/articles-blog-marketing.jpg" border="0" alt="什么是博客营销" title="什么是博客营销" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="left" />博客营销是用于描述通过网络博客进行的网络营销的术语。这些博客不同于企业网站，因为它们通常围绕着一个单独的主题，每天或每周发布更新。典型情况下，企业使用博客来创建一组与客户的对话，并解释他们的产品和服务的特色。</p>
<p>博客营销自从 Blogger 开始以来得到了长足的发展。今天，在网络上有各种各样免费的博客软件，其中最流行的是 WordPress 和 Blogger。博客是定期更新的基本网站。它们为公司/网站扮演着专用消息界面。随着由公司进行的定期更新和网上对新鲜内容的需要，使得博客成为了首选的资源目的地。从2006年早期开始，博客被专注于作为一个主要的营销平台。</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong>&#8212; 原文内容 &#8212;</strong></p>
<p>Blog marketing is the term used to describe internet marketing via web blogs. These blogs differ from corporate websites because they feature daily or weekly posts, often around a single topic. Typically, corporations use blogs to create a dialogs with customers and explain features of their products and services.</p>
<p>Blog Marketing has evolved since the start of Blogger. There has been various Blog Softwares on the Web today which are free, the most popular among them being WordPress and Blogger. Blogs are Basic websites which are updated Regularly. They act as a Private news interface for any Company / Website. With regular update being handled by the company and The need for Fresh content on the web makes the Blogs a preferred destination for Resources. Blogs have been focussed as a primary platform for Marketing since the early 2006.</p>
<p><em>译者：Leon Zhang, DigiMarketing.cn | 作者：WikiPedia | 原文：http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog_marketing</em></p>
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		<title>什么是社会化媒体优化 (SMO)？</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e5%8c%96%e5%aa%92%e4%bd%93%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96-smo/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e5%8c%96%e5%aa%92%e4%bd%93%e4%bc%98%e5%8c%96-smo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 13 May 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Concept]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digital]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Optimization]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Social]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[优化]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[概念]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[社会化媒体]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[营销]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/05/13/what-is-social-media-optimization/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[社会化媒体优化（SMO）是通过社会化媒体、网络社区和社区网站进行宣传的一套方法。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><img src="/images/stories/articles-social-media-optimization.jpg" border="0" alt="什么是社会化媒体优化 SMO" title="什么是社会化媒体优化 SMO" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="left" />社会化媒体优化（SMO）是通过社会化媒体、网络社区和社区网站进行宣传的一套方法。SMO的方法包括添加RSS种子文件，添加一个“Digg This”按钮，博客化和与第三方社区功能合并，如Flickr相册和图库或者YouTube视频。社会化媒体优化是搜索引擎营销的一种形式。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">社会化媒体优化作为一种技术，以很多形式与病毒营销相联系。在这里，口碑不是通过朋友或家庭，而是通过使用社会化书签、视频和图片分享网站的网络，被创造出来。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>起源</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">据记载，是Rohit Bhargava发明的词组SMO。他最初的操作社会化媒体优化的五个规则是：</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">1． 增加你的可链接性（容易被人链接）<br />2． 让加入标签和书签的操作更容易<br />3． 回报链入的链接<br />4． 传播你的内容<br />5． 鼓励混合（mashup）</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>社会化媒体中的垃圾信息</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">同搜索引擎一样，社会化媒体也倾向于传播垃圾信息。然而，由于这种用户积极参与的媒介的天性，如LinkedIn和Facebook这样的网络已经采取行动来抵制垃圾信息，以减少恶意行为的发生。一些社会化媒体网站，如Digg，授权给用户来掩埋掉那些被认为是没什么价值的信息或者垃圾信息。</span></p>
<p align="center"><strong>&#8212; 原文内容 &#8212;</strong></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong><span style="font-size: small;">Social media optimization</span></strong></span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">Social media optimization (SMO) is a set of methods for generating publicity through social media, online communities and community websites. Methods of SMO include adding RSS feeds, adding a &#8220;Digg This&#8221; button, blogging and incorporating third party community functionalities like Flickr photo slides and galleries or YouTube videos. Social media optimization is a form of search engine marketing.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">Social media optimization is in many ways connected as a technique to viral marketing where word of mouth is created not through friends or family but through the use of networking in social bookmarking, video and photo sharing websites. In a similar way the engagement with blogs achieves the same by sharing content through the use of RSS in the blogsphere and special blog search engines such as Technorati.</span></p>
<p><strong>Origins</strong></p>
<p>Rohit Bhargava was credited with inventing the term SMO. His original five rules for conducting Social Media Optimization are:</p>
<p>1. Increase your linkability <br />2. Make tagging and bookmarking easy <br />3. Reward inbound links <br />4. Help your content travel <br />5. Encourage the mashup</p>
<p><strong>Spam in social media</strong></p>
<p>As with search engines, social media is prone to spamming. However, due to the nature of the medium, where users are active participants, networks such as LinkedIn and Facebook have taken actions against spam to lessen the occurrence of malicious activity. Some social media sites, such as Digg, empower users to bury content that is considered low quality or spam.</p>
<p><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em>译者：Leon Zhang, </em></span><a href="http://digimarketing.cn/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #800080; font-size: x-small;"><em>DigiMarketing.cn</em></span></span></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><em> | 原作者：WikiPedia | 原文：<span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media_optimization"></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media_optimization" target="_blank" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media_optimization" rel="external"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0066cc;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_media_optimization</span></span></a></span></em></span></p>
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		<title>什么是网络营销（Internet Marketing）？</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80-internet-marketing/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80-internet-marketing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 05 May 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Concept]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marketing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[概念]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[网络]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[网络营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[营销]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/05/05/what-is-internet-marketing/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[网络营销，又称为在线营销或电子营销，是使用互联网的营销。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;"><img src="/images/stories/articles-internet-marketing.jpg" border="0" alt="什么是网络营销" title="什么是网络营销" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="left" />网络营销，又称为在线营销或电子营销，是使用互联网的营销。互联网已经为营销带来了很多特有的好处，包括低成本地向全球的受众传播信息和媒体。互联网媒介的交互性的天性，在即时响应和引出回应方面，都是网络营销的特性。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">网络营销把互联网的创意和技术方面联系在一起，包括设计，开发，广告和销售。网络营销的方法包括搜索引擎营销，显示广告，电子邮件营销，联属网络营销，交互式广告和病毒营销。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 13.5pt;">定义和范围</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">网络营销是使用网络媒介来培养和推广一个组织的过程。网络营销不是简单地表示“建设一个网站</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">”或者“推广一个网站”。在网站背后，其实是一个带有实际目标的实际组织。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">网络营销战略涵盖网络广告产品、服务和网站的所有方面，它包括搜索引擎营销，公共关系，社交媒介，市场调研，电子邮件营销，和直销。网络营销人员会根据组织目标和受众在这些工具中择优选用。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 13.5pt;">商业模型</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">网络营销与多个商业模型相关联。典型情况下，模型由目标来定义。这包括电子商务</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;"> &#8211; 在这里你直接销售商品给消费者或商业组织；信息发布 &#8211; 在这里你销售的是广告；基于lead的网站 &#8211; 在这里一个组织通过从网站上得到销售lead而产生价值。基于每个发起网络营销活动的人或组织的特定需求，有很多其它的模型（事实上几乎无限多）。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 13.5pt;">优势</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">与网络营销相关联的一些好处包括信息可用性。消费者可以随时随地登录互联网来了解产品，并且购买。使用网络营销的公司也可以节省资金，因为减少了对推销人员的需求。总之，网络营销可以帮助拓展从本地到全国乃至全球的市场。与传统媒介相比，比如印刷，电台和电视，网络营销相对而言可以节省很多成本。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">因为互联网媒介的曝光、响应和总体效率是非常容易被跟踪的，比如通过使用网络分析，与传统的“线下</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">”媒介相比，网络营销可以为广告主提供一个很强的可说明性。网络营销，在2007年比其他媒介形式营销的发展速度快得多。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 13.5pt;">限制</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">因为网络营销需要客户使用较新的技术而不是传统媒介，不是所有人能够得到信息。低速的网络连接可能带来困难。如果公司建立过大或过于复杂的网页，互联网用户用拨号连接或移动设备下载信息可能会很费力。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">网络营销不允许购物者在网上购买之前摸，嗅，尝或试用实际的商品。一些电子商务卖主已经部署了自由退货政策以及去商店挑选的服务来打消顾客的顾虑。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 13.5pt;">安全问题</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">对于参与网络商务的公司和消费者双方面而言，安全问题都是非常重要的。许多消费者很犹豫是否要通过互联网来购买物品，因为他们不相信个人隐私能够得到保护。近来，一些从事网络商务的公司被抓到泄漏或销售他们顾客的个人信息。这些公司中的一部分在网站上提供了保证，宣称客户信息不会被公开。通过销售客户信息，这些公司正在破坏自己所宣扬的政策。一些购买客户信息的公司提供选择项给个人来从数据库中删掉他们自己的个人信息（也叫</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">opting out）。然而，很多顾客并不知道他们的信息是在被分享，而且无法停止他们的信息在公司间的传递。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">安全问题是很重要的，而且网络公司也在很努力地创造解决方案。加密是在互联网上处理隐私和安全问题的主要手段之一。加密的定义是数据转换成一种叫做密码的形式。这种形式不能轻易地拦截，除非个体拥有完成加密的程序或公司的授权。一般说来，密码越强，数据保护得越好。然而，密码越强，加密也变得越昂贵。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 13.5pt;">行业影响</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">网络营销对很多行业都有很大的影响，包括音乐，银行，以及跳蚤市场 </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">- 不仅仅是广告行业本身。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">在音乐行业，很多消费者已经开始通过互联网，而不是简单地买</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">CD，来购买和下载音乐文件（如MP3）。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">越来越多的银行提供了在网上银行交易的能力。网上银行被认为是对顾客有吸引力的，因为它比访问实际的银行分支机构更方便。目前，超过</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">1.5亿的美国成年人正在使用网上银行。网上银行如今成为了发展速度最快的互联网行为。增长的互联网连接速度是快速发展的主要原因。在互联网用户中，44%在使用网上银行。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">互联网拍卖变得更加的流行。以前只能在跳蚤市场上找到的特有物品，现在在</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">eBay上销售。eBay也影响了行业内的价格。买卖双方经常在去跳蚤市场前上网查看价格，而且eBay的价格通常变成了物品的实际成交价。越来越多的跳蚤市场卖主在把他们的商品放到网上销售，并且经营着他们所在地之外的业务。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">对广告行业本身的影响意义深远。在短短几年中，网络广告已经成长为年价值</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">100亿（10,000,000,000）美元（2007-06-18数据）。据PricewaterhouseCoopers报道，美国互联网市场在2006年的消费总计达到169亿。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">因为广告主增长并提高了很多他们的网络经费，现在网络已经超过了电台的市场份额。</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">用网络营销得到一个顾客的成本比传统营销更低，然而价格也在上涨，因为更多的公司把传统的经费放到了网络营销途径上。如搜索引擎营销，网络营销的一部分，继续以惊人的增长率发展。电子邮件营销也在发展。网络分析也是网络营销的一个发展因素，因为它比广告历史中的其它形式更加具有可说明性。</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;">&#8212; </span></strong><strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 9pt;">原文内容</span></strong><strong><span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 9pt;"> &#8212;</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Internet marketing, also referred to as online marketing or Emarketing, is marketing that uses the Internet. The Internet has brought many unique benefits to marketing including low costs in distributing information and media to a global audience. The interactive nature of Internet media, both in terms of instant response, and in eliciting response, are both unique qualities of Internet marketing.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Internet marketing ties together creative and technical aspects of the internet, including design, development, advertising and sales. Internet marketing methods include search engine marketing, display advertising, e-mail marketing, affiliate marketing, interactive advertising and viral marketing.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Definition and scope</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Internet marketing is the process of growing and promoting an organization using online media. Internet marketing does not simply mean &#8216;building a website&#8217; or &#8216;promoting a website&#8217;. Somewhere behind that website is a real organization with real goals.<br />Internet marketing strategy includes all aspects of online advertising products, services, and websites, including search engine marketing, public relations, social media, market research, email marketing, and direct sales. The Internet marketer selects the best of these vehicles, given the organization&#8217;s goals and audience.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Business models</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Internet marketing is associated with several business models. The model is typically defined by the goal. These include e-commerce, where you sell goods directly to consumers or businesses; publishing, where you sell advertising; and lead-based sites, where an organization generates value by getting sales leads from their site. There are many other models (nearly infinite, actually) based on the specific needs of each person or business that launches an internet marketing campaign.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Advantages</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Some of the benefits associated with Internet marketing include the availability of information. Consumers can access the Internet and learn about products, as well as purchase them, at any hour, any day. Companies that use Internet marketing can also save money because of a reduced need for a sales force. Overall, Internet marketing can help expand from a local market to both national and international market places. Compared to traditional media, such as print, radio and TV, Internet marketing can have a relatively low cost of entry.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Since exposure, response and overall efficiency of Internet media is easy to track, through the use of web analytics for instance, compared to traditional &#8220;offline&#8221; media, Internet marketing can offer a greater sense of accountability for advertisers Internet marketing, as of 2007 is growing faster than other types of media.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Limitations</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Since Internet marketing requires customers to use newer technologies than traditional media, not all people may get the message. Low speed Internet connections can cause difficulties. If companies build overly large or complicated web pages, Internet users may struggle to download the information on dial up connections or mobile devices.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Internet marketing does not allow shoppers to touch, smell, taste or try-on tangible goods before making an online purchase. Some e-commerce vendors have implemented liberal return policies and in store pick up services to reassure customers.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Security concerns</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">For both companies and consumers that participate in online business, security concerns are very important. Many consumers are hesitant to buy items over the Internet because they do not trust that their personal information will remain private. Recently, some companies that do business online have been caught giving away or selling information about their customers. Several of these companies have guarantees on their websites, claiming customer information will be private. By selling customer information, these companies are breaking their own, publicized policy. Some companies that buy customer information offer the option for individuals to have their information removed from the database (known as opting out). However, many customers are unaware that their information is being shared and are unable to stop the transfer of their information between companies.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Security concerns are of great importance and online companies have been working hard to create solutions. Encryption is one of the main methods for dealing with privacy and security concerns on the Internet. Encryption is defined as the conversion of data into a form called a cipher. This cipher cannot be easily intercepted unless an individual is authorized by the program or company that completed the encryption. In general, the stronger the cipher, the better protected the data is. However, the stronger the cipher, the more expensive encryption becomes.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><strong><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 13.5pt;">Effects on industries</span></strong></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Internet marketing has had a large impact on several industries including music, banking, and flea markets &#8211; not to mention the advertising industry itself.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">In the music industry, many consumers have begun buying and downloading music files (e.g. MP3s) over the Internet instead of simply buying CDs.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">More and more banks are offering the ability to perform banking tasks online. Online banking is believed to appeal to customers because it is more convenient than visiting bank branches. Currently, over 150 million U.S. adults now bank online. Online banking is now the fastest-growing Internet activity. The increasing speed of Internet connections is the main reason for the fast-growth. Of those individuals who use the Internet, 44% now perform banking activities over the Internet.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Internet auctions have gained popularity. Unique items that could previously be found at flea markets are being sold on eBay instead. eBay has also affected the prices in the industry. Buyers and sellers often look at prices on the website before going to flea markets and the eBay price often becomes what the item is sold for. More and more flea market sellers are putting their items up for sale online and running their business out of their homes.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The effect on the ad industry itself has been profound. In just a few years, online advertising has grown to be worth tens of billions of dollars annually. (2007-06-18) PricewaterhouseCoopers reported US Internet marketing spend totalled $16.9 billion in 2006.</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">As Advertisers increase and shift more of their budgets online, it is now overtaking radio in terms of market share. </span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">The cost to acquire a customer is lower with internet marketing than with traditional marketing however cost are rising as more companies take traditional budgets and push it to internet marketing avenues. Search engine marketing for example, which is part of internet marketing continues to grow at tremendous rates. Email marketing also grows. Web analytics is a growing aspect of internet marketing, as there is more accountability than in the history of advertising.</p>
<p></p>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">译者：</span><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;">Leon Zhang, DigiMarketing.cn</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">原作者：维基百科</span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">原文：</span><span style="font-family: 'arial','sans-serif'; font-size: 10pt;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_marketing"></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_marketing" target="_blank" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_marketing" rel="external"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0066cc;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_marketing</span></span></a></span></div>
<div style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; font-size: 10pt;">注：因为维基百科的页面经常更新，所以这里的内容与维基百科上的内容不一定完全相同。</span></div>
<p></span></div>
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		<title>数字营销常用专业术语</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%93%e4%b8%9a%e6%9c%af%e8%af%ad/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%93%e4%b8%9a%e6%9c%af%e8%af%ad/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Apr 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digital]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marketing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Terms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[营销]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/04/29/digital-marketing-terminology/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[横幅广告 (Banner Ad)出现在网页上的广告，通常是在页面的顶部 (header) 或底部 (footer)。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN"><img src="/images/stories/articles-digital-marketing-terminology.jpg" border="0" alt="数字营销常用专业术语" title="数字营销常用专业术语" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="left" />横幅广告</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (Banner Ad)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">出现在网页上的广告，通常是在页面的顶部</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (header) </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">或底部</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (footer)</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">。为了让用户点击获取更多信息（查看微型网站）而设计。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">黑名单</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (Blacklisted)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">黑名单通知的意思是，由于被主要列表中的某一个标记为已知垃圾信息发送方，信息可能没有发送成功。不同的网络服务提供商</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (ISP, Internet Service Provider) </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">使用不同的黑名单来阻挡信息发送给他们的客户。这可以是一个临时性的阻挡或者永久性的，取决于名单本身。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">阻挡</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (Blocked)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">阻挡通知的意思是，由于被订阅者的网络服务提供商</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (ISP, Internet Service Provider) </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">认作垃圾邮件而没有通过。这可以是由于被列入了黑名单，或者发送的信息包含有一个已经被阻挡的域名。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">博客</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (Blog)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">网络日志</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (web log)”</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">的缩写。博客是用户自己制作的网站，在这里输入是由日记风格呈现的，并且以逆向时间顺序排列（新信息在前）。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">活动</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Campaign)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">发送给某一个特定的接收用户群组的特定信息。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">CAN SPAM Act<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">所有电子邮件营销人员必须遵守的一系列联邦法律。违法者一经发现，将会加以相应处罚。欲知详情，请访问</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><a href="http://www.spamlaws.com/federal/108s877.html" target="_blank" title="http://www.spamlaws.com/federal/108s877.html" rel="external"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0066cc;">http://www.spamlaws.com/federal/108s877.html</span></span></a></span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">点击量</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Click Through)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">人们点击你的信息中链接的次数。这通常在</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> CTR (</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">点击率</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">) </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">中被提及。注意：为了能够记录到点击量，你必须在活动中启用点击跟踪。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">DMA </span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">市场</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (DMA Market)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">DMA </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">代表指定市场区域</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (Designated Market Area)</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">，通常与娱乐行业相关联。</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">DMA</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">通常是包含很多可以作为目标的人口的地区（或分地区），如纽约市，洛杉矶或芝加哥。</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">电子邮件提供商</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Email Service Provider, ESP)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">外部公司，如</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> mobileStorm</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">，可以代表他们的客户来发送批量邮件，从而避免他们的信息被标记为垃圾信息或整个被阻挡。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">False Positives<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">被标记为</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">“</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">垃圾信息</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">”</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">的合法信息，如果没有处理得当的话，可能会为公司带来潜在的成千上万的经济损失。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">GPRL<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">全球永久删除名单</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (Global Permanent Removal List)</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">，由从特殊数据库中自动删除的纪录组成。几乎所有的电子邮件服务提供商</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (ESP) </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">或多渠道通信公司都会为他们的客户维护这些名单。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">即时通讯</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Instant Messeging)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">即时通讯（通常缩写作</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> IM</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">），是一种通信服务，它可以让你能够创建一种和另一个人的私人聊天室，来通过互联网实现即时沟通。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">关键字</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Keywords)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">与短信结合使用。一个用户键入一个很短的代码，用于和另一个关键字相匹配，从而连接到一个手机俱乐部或者数据库。（译者注：这里的关键字和我们常听到的网站或搜索引擎中的关键字不一样）</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">微型网站</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Microsite)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">微型网站是设计来推广更大的企业网站的特定部分或品牌的。通常用于竞赛或作为某一个特定推广活动的登陆页面。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">打开率</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Open Rate)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">这个比率等于：打开你的电子邮件的人的数量，比上你对其发送电子邮件的人的总数。典型情况是，这一数字在大型活动中比较低，而在更有针对性的活动中比较高。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">个人化</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Personalization)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">个人化让你能够为数据库中的每一个人创建定制化信息。能按照姓</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">/</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">名、城市、州，邮政编码等等来表述。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">新闻聚合技术</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (RSS)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">RSS </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">或</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Real Simple Syndication</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">，新闻聚合技术，设计用于让用户能够订阅特定内容的信息源，并且当有更新时可以收到自动通知。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">RSS </span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">订阅器</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (RSS Reader)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">一种应用程序，用于订阅和检测所选择的</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> RSS </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">内容信息源（种子文件）的。</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> </span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">Short Code<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">5</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">位数字，用于发送和回应文本信息的。它可以是一个随机生成的数字序列，也可以是一个与特定类型或数字样式相联系的</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">“</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">虚拟</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">”</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">数字。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">短信</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (SMS)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">短信息</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> (Short Message Service) </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">是一种通过手机发送的单向的文本信息。通常由接收方手机的文本信息收件箱所接收，每条信息最长</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">160</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">个字符。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">公共书签</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Social Bookmarking)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">公共书签是一个用于储存，分类，分享和搜索链接的流行方式，它与某一网站结合从而便于访问。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">垃圾信息</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Spam)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">接收者并不想要的电子邮件信息。合法的电子邮件有时可能会被误判作垃圾邮件，这是一个正在增长的问题。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">流媒体技术</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Streaming Technologies)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">在线访问的通信渠道，如视频和音频。可以是事先保存好的可访问剪辑，也可以是流式播放的实时信息源，如网络广播。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">订阅者</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Subscriber)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">为接收来自某个公司或者实体的信息而注册的人</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">目标化</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Targeting)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">目标化允许你根据订阅者数据库中特定标准，而发送信息给特定的人群。</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">语音广播</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"> (Voice Broadcast)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">同时给大量手机号码发送事先录制好的语音信息。既可以是一个语音电话（意思是接收者必须接听电话才能让信息播放），也可以是语音邮件</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">/</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">留言（意思是只有在接受者没有接听时才会播放）</span></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">Widget<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">一个小的图形化的设备，能够完成有高度针对性的，通常是单一、特定的任务。网络</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> Widget </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">能够通过软件（如苹果的</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Dashboard </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">软件或者</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt"> Yahoo! Widgets </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">引擎）集成到网页中或者运行在电脑或苹果机的桌面上。</span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />&#8212; </span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">译文内容</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">&#8212;</span></strong></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri">Digital Marketing Terms</span></strong></p>
<p><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Banner Ad<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">An advertisement that appears on a Web page, most commonly at the top (header) or bottom (footer) of the page. Designed to have the user click on it for more information (see Microsite).<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Blacklisted<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A blacklisted notice means that the message may not have been delivered due to be flagged on one of the major lists that keep tabs of known spammers. Different ISPs use different blacklists to block mailings from being delivered to their clients. It can be a temporary ban or a permanent one, depending upon the list.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Blocked<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A blocked notice means that the message did not get through due to being considered spam by the subscriber’s ISP. This may be due to being on a blacklist or because the message contains a domain that is already being blocked.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Blog<br /></span></strong><span>Shortened from “web log” a blog is a user-generated Web site where entries are made in journal style and displayed in a reverse chronological order.<br /><strong><br />Campaign<br /></strong></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A campaign is a specific message being sent to a specific group of recipients.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />CAN SPAM Act<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The CAN SPAM ACT is a series of federal laws that must be followed by all email marketers. Those found in violation of the laws can be subjected to major penalties. For more information, go to <a href="http://www.spamlaws.com/federal/108s877.html" target="_blank" title="http://www.spamlaws.com/federal/108s877.html" rel="external"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0066cc;">http://www.spamlaws.com/federal/108s877.html</span></span></a> <br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Click Through<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The number of times people clicked on the links in your message. This is often referred to as CTR (Click Through Rate). Note: you must have enabled click through tracking in the campaign in order for this to be recorded.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />DMA Market<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">DMA stands for Designated Market Area, which is often associated with the entertainment industry. DMAs are usually counties (or sometimes split counties) that contain a large population that can be targeted, such as New York City, Los Angeles or Chicago.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Email Service Provider (ESP)<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Outside companies like mobileStorm that send bulk emails on behalf of their clients to prevent their messages as being labeled as spam or blocked entirely.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />False Positives<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Legitimate messages being labeled as “spam” Can cost companies potentially millions in potential lost revenue if not dealt with correctly.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />GPRL<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">The Global Permanent Removal List consists of records that are automatically removed from a particular database. Almost all email service providers (ESP) or multi-channel messaging companies maintain these lists for their clients.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Instant Messaging<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Instant messaging (often shortened to IM) is a type of communications service that enables you to create a kind of private chat room with another individual in order to communicate in real time over the Internet.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Keywords<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Used in conjunction with SMS messages. A user types a short code and matching keyword in order to be added to a mobile club or database.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Microsite<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A mini Web site design to promote a specific portion or brand from a larger corporate site. Used often with contests or as a landing page for a specific promotion.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Open Rate<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">This is a ratio determined by the number of people who opened your email against the total number of people to whom you sent the message. Typically, this number will be low for large campaigns and higher for more targeted campaigns.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Personalization<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Personalization gives you the ability to create a customized message for each person in your database. Can be addressed by first/last name, city, state, zip, etc.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />RSS<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">RSS or Real Simple Syndication is technology designed to allow users to subscribe to a specific content feed and be automatically alerted when new updates are available.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />RSS Reader<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Application used to subscribe and monitor selected RSS content feeds.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Short Code<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A short code is a 5 digit number that is used to send and respond to text messages. They can either be a random set of numbers or a “vanity” number tied to a specific brand or number pattern.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />SMS<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">SMS (Short Message Service) is a one-way text message sent via a cell phone. It is usually received via the subscribers&#8217; text message inbox on their cell phone and can be a maximum of 160 characters per message.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Social Bookmarking<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Social Bookmarking is a popular way to store, classify, share and search links that are combined into a single site for easy access.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Spam<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">An email message that is unwanted by the recipient. Legitimate emails can sometimes be incorrectly identified as spam and is a growing problem.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Streaming Technologies<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Communication channel such as video and audio that is accessed online. Can be a pre-stored clip to access as well as a live feed that is streamed like an online broadcast.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Subscriber<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A person who signs up to receive messages from a particular company or entity.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Targeting<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Targeting allows you to send a message to people based on specific criteria from your subscriber database.<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Voice Broadcast<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Sending a pre-recorded voice messages to a large set of phone numbers at the time same. Can either be a voice call (meaning the recipient must answer the call for the message to play) or voice mail (meaning the message will play only if the recipient doesn’t answer )<br /></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri"><br />Widget<br /></span></strong><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">A small graphical device that does a highly focused, often single, specific task. Web widgets can be embedded in web pages or run on the desktop of a PC or Mac using software such as Apple&#8217;s Dashboard software or Yahoo! Widgets Engine.<br /></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN"></p>
<p><em>译者：</em></span><em><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">Leon Zhang, </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: blue; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt"><a href="http://digimarketing.cn/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #800080;">DigiMarketing.cn</span></span></a><span style="color: #333333;"> | </span></span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">作者：</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">WikiPedia | </span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial" lang="ZH-CN">原文：</span><span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; FONT-SIZE: 10pt">WikiPedia (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_marketing" target="_blank" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_marketing" rel="external"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0066cc;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_marketing</span></span></a>)</span></em></p>
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		<title>什么是数字营销 (Digital Marketing)？</title>
		<link>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80-digital-marketing/</link>
		<comments>http://digimarketing.cn/index.php/%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%98%af%e6%95%b0%e5%ad%97%e8%90%a5%e9%94%80-digital-marketing/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 28 Apr 2008 00:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Leon Zhang</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[专业术语]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Basics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Concept]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Digital]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Marketing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[基础]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[数字营销]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[概念]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[营销]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.leonzhang.net/index.php/2008/04/28/what-is-digital-marketing/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ 
数字营销的基本概念
数字营销 (Digital Marketing) 是使用数字传播渠道来推广产品和服务的实践活动，从而以一种及时，相关，定制化和节省成本的方式与消费者进行沟通。...]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="/images/stories/articles-what-is-digital-marketing.jpg" border="0" alt="什么是数字营销 Digital Marketing" title="什么是数字营销 Digital Marketing" hspace="5" vspace="5" align="left" /> </p>
<h3>数字营销的基本概念</h3>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong><br />数字营销</strong> (Digital Marketing) 是使用数字传播渠道来推广产品和服务的实践活动，从而以一种及时，相关，定制化和节省成本的方式与消费者进行沟通。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>数字营销</strong>包含了很多互联网营销（网络营销）中的技术与实践，但它的范围要更加广泛，还包括了很多其它不需要互联网的沟通渠道。因此，<strong>数字营销</strong>的领域就涵盖了一整套元素（a whole host of elements），如：手机，短信/彩信，显示/横幅广告以及数字户外广告等等。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>数字营销</strong>之前曾被看作时特殊领域的独立营销形式，但是，由于它提供了相同的受众沟通方式（只不过是以数字形式而已），现在已经经常被看作是能够涉及到绝大多数的传统营销领域（如直复营销）。</span></p>
<h3>数字营销  – “推”与“拉”</h3>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />有两种形式的<strong>数字营销</strong>，它们各有利弊。<br /></span></p>
<h4><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />“拉”式数字营销</span></h4>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">“拉”式<strong>数字营销</strong>技术使用户参与到查找和直接抓取（“拉”）内容的活动中去。网站/博客和流媒体（音频和视频）就是很好的例子。在这些例子中，用户会有一个专门的链接（URL）来查看内容。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>优势：</strong></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">在内容形式或尺寸大小上没有严格限制，因为用户会自取所需</span> </li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">不需要发送内容的技术，只需要存储和显示内容即可</span> </li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">不需要“选择加入”（opt-in）的过程</span> </li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>劣势：</strong></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">需要相当大的市场投入，才能使用户能够找到需要的信息/内容</span> </li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">有限的跟踪能力 – 只能拿到下载数量、页面浏览数量等信息</span> </li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">无法定制化 &#8211; 对于所有受众，接收和浏览的内容都是一样的</span> </li>
</ul>
<h4><span style="font-family: Arial;"><br />“推”式数字营销</span></h4>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">在“推”式<strong>数字营销</strong>技术的活动中，既包括营销人员（信息制造者），也包括接收者（用户）。电子邮件、短信、RSS订阅等都是“推”式<strong>数字营销</strong>的例子。在这些例子中，为了信息能够被用户接收到，营销人员必须发送（推）信息给用户（订阅者）。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>优势：</strong></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">可定制化 – 按照所选择的标准，用户接收到的信息可以有高度的针对性和精确性 – 例如：一个提供给大于21岁或者住在加利福尼亚的女性的特别优惠。</span> </li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">详细的跟踪和报告 – 营销人员不仅可以得知有多少人看到了信息，而且还能得知关于每个用户的详细情况，例如他们的名字、人口统计数据 (demographic) 和心理统计数据 (psychographic)。</span> </li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">可能带来高投入产出比 – 如果实施得当，推送信息可以帮助带来新的收入并强化品牌。</span> </li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong>劣势：</strong></span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">兼容性问题 – 各种推送信息技术都有自己的规则：从较少限制？（RSS），到严格控制（电子邮件和文本信息）。</span> </li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">需要发送内容的系统 – 营销人员需要使用应用程序来发送信息：从电子邮件营销系统，到 RSS 阅读器。 </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Arial;">信息发送可能被阻挡 – 如果营销人员不遵守各个推送信息类型的规则，内容可能会在到达预期的接收者之前就被拒绝或阻挡掉。</span> </li>
</ul>
<h3>数字营销和多渠道信息</h3>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><strong><br />数字营销</strong>不只在使用单一信息类型时很有效，它同样也适用于营销人员在信息活动中结合了多渠道时的情况，并且更加有效。例如，如果一个公司试图宣传一个新产品的发布，他们可以针对个体受众发送一条电子邮件信息或者文本信息 (text campaign)。如果实施得当的话，这的确可以带来很好的效果；然而，如果应用了多种类型的信息的话，这一相同活动的效果还可能得到指数级的提升。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">一封电子邮件可能发送给一组潜在客户特别优惠信息，并包含有他们的手机号码；几天后，一个后续活动可能会用文本信息（短信）再次发送这个特别优惠信息。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;">“推”和“拉”式的信息技术也能够结合起来使用。例如，一个电子邮件活动可以包含一个横幅广告或者一个下载某内容的链接。这使得营销人员能够在两种技术中取其精华，来为自己的营销信息服务。</p>
<p><span style="font-family: Arial;"><em>译者：Leon Zhang, <a href="http://digimarketing.cn/"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #800080;">DigiMarketing.cn</span></span></a> | 来源：WikiPedia | 原文：</em><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_marketing"><em></em></a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_marketing" target="_blank" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_marketing" rel="external"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: #0066cc;">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_marketing</span></span></a></span></span></p>
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